The primary security guarantors of the evolving Rojava political system are the People’s Protection Units (Yekîneyên Parastina Gel ) and their female counterpart the Women’s Protection Units (Yekîneyên Parastina Jinê ), which has attracted intense attention from Western media. They were established in January 2014 and are chiefly administered by the Democratic Union Party (Partiya Yekîtiya Demokrat ). The three cantons, collectively known as Rojava (meaning “west” in Kurdish), consist of Efrin, Kobani, and Jazira. Following the mid-2012 withdrawal of most of the regime forces loyal to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, the Kurds of northern Syria formed three distinct enclaves, or cantons, hugging the Turkish border.
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